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REFRAMING
ORGANIZATIONS
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Reframing Organizations, Sixth Edition is also available in WileyPLUS Learning Space—an interactive and collaborative learning environment that provides insight into learning strengths and weaknesses through a combination of dynamic and engaging course materials. With WileyPLUS Learning Space, students make deeper connections and get better grades by annotating course material and by collaborating with other students in the course.
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6th
Edition
ARTISTRY, CHOICE, AND
LEADERSHIP
REFRAMING
ORGANIZATIONS
LEE G. BOLMAN TERRENCE E. DEAL
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Cover art/image: © traf!c_analyzer/Getty Images Cover design: Wiley
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ISBN 9781119281818 (cloth); ISBN 9781119281825 (pbk.); ISBN 9781119281832 (ePDF); ISBN 9781119281849 (ePub)
Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
understand how people behave
Motivation workers : work environment, company culture , promotion
fell eapprioiate ,
communication
Individual Behavior, Group Behar , Company Behavior
↳
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In Memory of Warren Bennis
Exemplar, Mentor, and Friend
With Appreciation for All He Gave Us
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CONTENTS
Preface ix Acknowledgments xv
PAR T ON E Making Sense of Organizations 1
1 Introduction: The Power of Reframing 3
2 Simple Ideas, Complex Organizations 25
PAR T TWO The Structural Frame 43
3 Getting Organized 45
4 Structure and Restructuring 71
5 Organizing Groups and Teams 93
PAR T T H R E E The Human Resource Frame 113
6 People and Organizations 115
7 Improving Human Resource Management 135
8 Interpersonal and Group Dynamics 157
vii
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PAR T FOU R The Political Frame 179
9 Power, Con! ict , and Coalit ion 181
10 The Manager as Polit ic ian 201
11 Organizations as Polit ical Arenas and Polit ical Agents 217
PAR T F I V E The Symbolic Frame 235
12 Organizational Symbols and Culture 239
13 Culture in Action 265
14 Organization as Theater 279
PAR T S I X Improving Leadership Practice 295
15 Integrating Frames for Effective Practice 297
16 Reframing in Action: Opportunities and Peri ls 313
17 Reframing Leadership 325
18 Reframing Change in Organizations 359
19 Reframing Ethics and Spirit 385
20 Bringing It Al l Together: Change and Leadership in Action 399
Epilogue: Artistry, Choice, and Leadership 419 Appendix: The Best of Organizational Studies 423 Bibliography 427 The Authors 467 Name Index 469 Subject Index 481
viii Contents
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PREFACE
This is the sixth release of a work that began in 1984 asModern Approaches to Understanding and Managing Organizations and became Reframing
Organizations in 1991. We’re grateful to readers around the world who have told us that our books gave them ideas that make a difference—at work and elsewhere in their lives.
It is again time for an update, and we’re grati!ed to be back by popular demand. Like everything else, organizations and their leadership challenges continue to evolve rapidly, and scholars are running hard to keep pace. This edition tries to capture the current frontiers of both knowledge and art.
The four-frame model, with its view of organizations as factories, families, jungles, and temples, remains the book’s conceptual heart. But we have incorporated new research and revised our case examples extensively to keep up with the latest developments. We have updated a feature we inaugurated in the third edition: “Greatest Hits in Organization Studies.” These features offer pithy summaries of key ideas from the some of the most in”uential works in the scholarly literature (as indicated by a citation analysis, described in the Appendix at the end of the book). As a counterpoint to the scholarly works, we have also added occasional summaries of management bestsellers. Scholarly and professional litera- ture often run on separate tracks, but the two streams together provide a fuller picture than either alone, and we have tried to capture the best of both in our work.
Life in organizations has produced many stories and examples, and there is new material throughout the book. At the same time, we worked zealously to minimize bloat by tracking down and expunging every redundant sentence, marginal concept, or extraneous example. We’ve also tried to keep it fun. Collective life is an endless source of vivid examples as entertaining as they are instructive, and we’ve sprinkled them throughout the text.
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